Mediante summary, the notion that shifts sopra human life histories, accompanied by improved intelligence, are an evolutionary response to per dietary shift towards high-quality food resources that are difficult to acquire has already been suggested by Kaplan . Our model is innovative in that it suggests a mechanism for such verso dietary shift that could have propelled hominins onesto per new evolutionary tirocinio.
Conclusion
For more than two decades per view dominated anthropological discussions that all modern human variation derived from Africa within per relatively recent chronological framework. Recent years challenged this paradigm with new discoveries from Europe, Discesa, and other localities, as well as by new advances per theory and methodology. These developments are now setting the tirocinio for verso new understanding of the human story con general and the emergence of modern humans in particular (e.g., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Analysis of their dental remains suggests a much deeper time frame between at least some of the ancestral populations and modern humans than that which is assumed by the “Out of Africa” model. This, combined with previous genetic studies (di nuovo.g., , , , ), lends support esatto the notion of assimilation (e.g., ) between populations migrating “out of Africa” and populations already established sopra these parts of Eurasia.
It is still premature puro indicate whether the Qesem hominin ancestors evolved con Africa prior esatto 400 kyr , developed blade technologies , , and then migrated esatto the Levant puro establish the new and unique Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex; or whether (as may be derived from our model) we face a local, Levantine emergence of a new hominin lineage. The plethora of hominins in the Levantine Middle Paleolithic fossil record (Qafzeh, Skhul, Zuttiyeh, Tabun) and the fact that the Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex has no counterparts in Africa may hint sopra favor of local cultural and biological developments. This notion gains indirect support from the Denisova finds that raise the possibility that several different hominin groups spread out across Europe and Oriente for hundreds of thousands of years, probably contributing to the emergence of modern human populations , , .
It should not che tipo di as a surprise that http://www.datingranking.net/it/biggercity-review/ H. erectus, and its successors managed, and sopra fact evolved, esatto obtain a substantial amount of the densest form of nutritional energy available con nature – fat – onesto the point that it became an obligatory food source. Animal fat was an essential food source necessary in order sicuro meet the daily energy expenditure of these Pleistocene hominins, especially taking into account their large energy-demanding brains. It should also not come as a surprise that for verso predator, the disappearance of per major prey animal may be verso significant reason for evolutionary change. The elephant was verso uniquely large and fat-rich food-package and therefore per most attractive target during the Levantine Lower Palaeolithic Acheulian. Our calculations show that the elephant’s disappearance from the Levant just before 400 kyr was significant enough an event esatto have triggered the evolution of a species that was more adept, both physically and mentally, to obtain dense energy (such as fat) from per higher number of smaller, more evasive animals. The concomitant emergence of per new and innovative cultural complex – the Acheulo-Yabrudian, heralds a new attrezzi of behavioral habits including changes in hunting and sharing practices , , that are relevant preciso our model.
If indeed, as we tried preciso show, the dependence of humans on fat was so fundamental preciso their existence, the application is made possible, perhaps after some refinement, of this proposed bioenergetic model puro the understanding of other important developments in human evolutionary history
Thus, the particular dietary developments and cultural innovations joined together at the end of the Lower Paleolithic period in the Levant, reflecting verso link between human biological and cultural/behavioral evolution.
